Speed control for machine-tools.



' PATENTED SEPT. 19, 1905. N. D. GHARD & W. LODGE. SPEED CONTROL FOR MACHINE TOOLS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 3, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 799,973. PATENTED sEPT. 19, 1905.

N. 1). CHARD & w. LODGE. SPEED CONTROL FOR MACHINE TOOLS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 3, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NICHOLAS D. CHARD AND WILLIAM LODGE, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNORS TO THE LODGE & SHIPLEY MACHINE TOOL COMPANY,

OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, A CORPORATION.

SPEED CONTROL FOR MACHINE-TOOLS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 19, 1905.

Application filed January 3. 1905. Serial No. 238,494.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, NIoHoLAs D. CHARD and WILLIAM LODGE, citizens of the United States, residing at Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Speed Control for Machine-Tools, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to a machine organization employing a rotary member and a rectilineal moving member driven from a common source, the object being to provide in combination therewith mechanism automatically actuated by the longitudinally-moving member to change the speed of rotation of the rotary member. This is'useful in machine-tools wherever it may be desirable to change the speed of the rotary member relative to the carriage travel while operating upon a given job, the gradations of cutting speed being produced by the moving carriage.

Our invention particularly and as exemplified by the drawings is applied to an enginelathe in which the tool holding carriage causes a gradation of spindle-speed, whereby a given job is subjected to varying cutting speeds selected to best satisfy the character of the work. i

Our invention also provides means for cut ting out the automatic arrangement andcontrolling the speed by hand devices located on the carriage.

Our invention also provides means for automatically throwing out the automatic speedcontrolling mechanism at a predetermined point of carriage travel. 7

The features of our invention are more fully set forth in the description of the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is a front elevation of a lathe-bed with our improved speed-controlling mechanism in position. Fig. 2 is an enlarged section on line :1; m, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged section of the transmitting elements of the hand-feed secured to the lathe-bed. Fig. 4

is a horizontal section, enlarged, of the mechanism for engaging and disengaging the camsleeve from its motor-control feed-shaft. Fig. 5 is an enlarged section of the transmitting elements of the hand-feed secured to the lathecarriage. Fig. 6 is a front elevation of a center.

lathe, illustrating motor, work, &c., in position for use.

The invention is particularly applicable to such special jobs as turning a projectile, where the tool is caused by suitable mechan ism (not shown) to travel in a curved or ta-- pered path between lathe-centers over a constantly-changing diameter of work. It is obvious that to get the highest efficiency a lathe -spindle should rotate the work at a higher speed when the tool is dressing lesser diameters than when the tool is dressing the greater diameters of work in order to maintain a uniform travel in feet per minute of the work against the tool. With our invention say a curved shell or projectile is to be turned which is clamped between centers with the tapered end held by the tail-stock The tool is started in at the tapered end at a given speed, relatively high, to give the best results, while the tool is turning the smaller diameter portion of the shell.

Our invention has for its chief object the production of a mechanism which Will be actuated by the advancing carriage to automatically decrease the speed gradually and in inverse ratio to the gradually-increasing diameter of the work being operated upon by the tool.

1 represents the lathe-bed, upon the rails 2 of which travels the carriage 3.

1 represents the spindle; 1 the motor for driving the same.

1 represents the tail-stock.

l represents the projectile clamped between centers.

irepresents the usual feed-shaft or leadscrew, which drives suitable mechanism in the carriage-apron 5 for converting the rotary into rectilineal motion, and thus propelling the carriage.

4 represents the transmission elements between the live-spindle and lead-screw.

The invention is chiefly applicable to an electrically-driven tool having the usual speedcontrolling box 6 to furnish a variety of speeds to the lathe-spindle. From the lead-screw i are suspended the brackets 7, on the ends of which are journaled a speed-controlling shaft 8. Upon the shaft 8 is a sleeve 9, having a camway formed in its outer periphery. The spirality of the camway shown is gaged so as to produce a desired turn of the shaft 8 relative to the increasing diameter of a given standard piece of work to be turned. 'This sleeve 9 is adapted to be fixed to the shaft '8. Suspended from the apron 5 is a bracket 11, having a dog or pin 12, adapted to be engaged into the spiral carnway 10.

13 represents the shaft of the speed-box 6,

which operates the speed-shifting mechanism of whatever specific character.

Shafts 8 and 13 are provided withsprockete wheels 14 15, connecting by sprocket-chain 16.

1t is obvious that when sleeve 9 is fixed to" shaft 8 and the carriage is in motion the dog 12, traveling longitudinallyin the plane-- of the sleeve 9 and shaft 8, will by its engagement with the spiral-camway 10, rotate-the speed-controlling shaft 8, and thereby auto'- matically actuate the speed-controllingdevice.

Of course any variation of speed=-may be" obtained by the formation of the camwayyso that the speed will be changed in any given ratio relative to'the' longitudinal travel of the carriage.

lar 19. greater diameter than theshaft 8. Into this ring is screw-threaded a pin 21, the-stem:- of which pin passes through an orifice in the; collar 19, serving to guide the ring and pinin the chamber to and from-the series of in dents 22 in the shaft 8.- 23represents-an-- other pin, screw-threaded into the ring-200p posite pin 21, the stem of which passes through an orifice in the opposite side of the collar 19. i The head of the pin 23 extends outside of thecollar'19. A spring 2 1 in the chamber engages against the ring 20 and holds it normally'eccentric with shaft 8,-as shown in Fig.

1, with the pin 21 engaging one ofthe detents= 22 of shaft 8 and the head of-pin- 23 projected from collar 19. 25 represents a sleeve'fixed to a gear in a journal-bracket 32, secured-tothe carriage and traveling with the carriage,

and therefore moves longitudinally back and forth on shaft '8. 1 Housing 25'is provided with a funnel-shaped cam'26, themouth of which is adapted to pass over the-end of the collar 19, thereby bringing the innertapering periphery of this funnel into engagement" with the head of the pin 23, lifting pin 23 and ring 20, compressing spring 24c,-raising. pin 21 from the indent 22, and so unlocking sleeve 19 from shaft 8.

It is also-evident that whensaid funnel-26 is retracted by the return movement of the car riage the spring 24 will automatically'depress-i the ring 20 and lock the pin 21 into one ofthe indents 22 on shaft 8. It is also obvious provided with a hand-wheel-31.

It is evident that this e eration will occur when the carriage-brings: the funnel 26 over the end ofthecollar 19.

that with this means thesleeve 9 maybe adjusted along the controlling-shaft 8 so as to be fixed thereto at selected positions along the lathe-bed.

In order tocontrol the feed by hand, we provide an operating-shaft 27 and handle 27 on the lower end of this shaft journaling in a casing 28, through which pass at right angles the operating-shaft 27 and the speed-controlling shaft 8, as shown in Fig. 3, the shaft 27 'havinga bevel gear-wheel 29 intermeshing with the bevel gear-wheel 30, fixed to shaft 8. ter "ofconsiderable convenience; Also for convenience we'place a hand controlling-shaft on:.the ca-rriage,-=which travels with the car+ riageand can :be operated while the carriage carriage by journah brackets 32 33 and' is Within the housing ofthe=bracket-32 are bevel gearwheels 345'- 35- for transmitting rotary movement: from shaft 31 to shaft 8; The bevel It is obviousthatthese hand-wheels can only be gear=wheel onnshaft'8 is 'splined thereto.

operated-when thesleeve 9 is disconnected fromthe' shaft 8s- This hand controlling-shaft is a mat- -is in motion;* This shaft-31 is secured to the v As shown in Fig 2, the dog 12- can-be retracted from 'engagement with the spiral cam, therebyleavingthe sleeve 9 free -from-the=- impulse-of the carriage,- and the hand controls can then be used as desired,

Having dBSCI'lbGCl'OIlI' invention, we cla1m 1. In a machine of the class described, a

bed, a rotatable work-holder, means for ro- IOO tating-saidwork-holder, a variable-speedde I vice for'controlli-ng said means, a reciprocable tool-holding carriage on the bed, means for converting the rotary movement of the workhOldGP-IUUOIGGtIllDBiLl carriage movement, a

speed-controlling shaft supported parallelto the line of carriage travel, connections betweensaid speed controlling shaft and the variable speed device adapted to control the speed of the latter, a spirally-grooved cam-- sleeve'on' said speed-controlling shaft, means on -th'e;carriage engaging the groove of v thecam to-rotate said-shaft, means for clutching and unclutching said sleeve-to said shaft, and

' a trip mechanism on=-the=carriage'adapted to automatically un'clutch said sleeve at a prede- =terminedpoint in the carriage'travel, substantially as describedp 4 2. In a machine of the class described, a bed, a rotatable work-holder, means for rotating said work-holder, a variable-speed-device for controlling said means, areciprocable tool-holding carriage on-the bed, means for converting the rotary'movement of the workholder-into rectilineal :carriagemovement, a

' speed-controllingshaft supported parallelto a lineof car-riage travel, connections bet-ween saids'peed-controlling shaft and the variablespeed-device, adapted to control the speed of the latter-,--a spiral cam-sleeve on said controlling-shaft, means on the carriage engaging the groove of the cam, to rotate said shaft, and means for clutching and unclutching said sleeve, substantially as described.

3. In alathe, a bed, live and dead spindles,-

carriage-ways'on the bed, parallel with said spindles, a carriage, means for rotating the live-spindle, a variable-speed mechanism for controlling said driving means, a controllingshaft supported by the bed, parallel with the line of carriage travel, a cam on said shaft, a

device on the carriage engaging sald cam,-

and transmitting devices between the said controlling-shaft and variable mechanism, substantially as described.

4. In an electric-driven lathe, a bed, live and dead spindles, carriage-ways and carriage, transmitting devices between the live-spindle In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands.

, NICHOLAS D. OHARD.

WILLIAM LODGE. Witnesses:

OLIVER B. KAISER, LUIsE BECK. 

